g style="margin: 0 auto;" src="/upload/2022/04/1649776741-bc50d7d92ea1901.jpg" alt="SpringBoot自定义RedisTemplate和RedistUtil工具类" />
Redis 是目前业界使用最广泛的内存数据存储。相比 Memcached,Redis 支持更丰富的数据结构,例如 hashes, lists, sets 等,同时支持数据持久化。除此之外,Redis 还提供一些类数据库的特性,比如事务,HA,主从库。可以说 Redis 兼具了缓存系统和数据库的一些特性,因此有着丰富的应用场景。本文介绍 Redis 在 Spring Boot 中两个典型的应用场景。
引入依赖包
这里基础工具类,从引入了hutool的包。 redis的包需要引入jedis、spring-boot-starter-data-redi两个包。 测试需要用到junit、spring-boot-test、lombok。 创建自定义的RedisTemplate Bean还需要引入jackson-databind包。 <dependencies>
<!--hutool-->
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
<version>5.7.22</version>
</dependency>
<!-- redis-->
<dependency>
<groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
<artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
<version>4.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
配置文件
redis的配置文件如下:spring:
redis:
# Redis数据库索引(默认为0)
database: 1
host: 127.0.0.1
port: 6379
#password: jkopukl@ghu095
jedis:
pool:
# 连接池最大连接数(使用负值表示没有限制)
max-active: 50
# 连接池最大阻塞等待时间(使用负值表示没有限制)
max-wait: -1
# 连接池中的最大空闲连接
max-idle: 20
# 连接池中的最小空闲连接
min-idle: 0
# 连接超时时间(毫秒)
timeout: 10000
创建Redis配置文件自定义RedisTemplate
SpringBoot自动帮我们在容器中生成了一个RedisTemplate和一个StringRedisTemplate。但是,这个RedisTemplate的泛型是<Object,Object>,写代码不方便,需要写好多类型转换的代码;我们需要一个泛型为<String,Object>形式的RedisTemplate。并且,这个RedisTemplate没有设置数据存在Redis时,key及value的序列化方式。 重新写一个配置类加载RedisTemplate Beanpackage devtao.redistest;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
/**
* description:
*Redis配置类
*/
@Configuration
@EnableCaching
public class RedisConfig {
@Bean
public CacheManager cacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
RedisCacheManager rcm= RedisCacheManager.create(connectionFactory);
return rcm;
}
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<String, Object>();
redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(factory);
Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new
Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om);
// key采用String的序列化方式
redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
//hash的key也采用String的序列化方式
redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
// value序列化方式采用jackson
redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
// hash的value序列化方式采用jackson
redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
return redisTemplate;
}
@Bean
public StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate = new StringRedisTemplate();
stringRedisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(factory);
return stringRedisTemplate;
}
}
创建Redis工具类RedisUtil
写好redisTemplate的Bean之后,我们就可以使用RediTemplate来进行redis的操作了,参数原生的RedistTemplate需要写一大串的调用,非常的繁琐而且不直观,我们需要自定义一个Redis的工具类。package devtao.redistest;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
/**
* description:
*Redis配置类
*/
@Configuration
@EnableCaching
public class RedisConfig {
@Bean
public CacheManager cacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
RedisCacheManager rcm= RedisCacheManager.create(connectionFactory);
return rcm;
}
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<String, Object>();
redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(factory);
Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new
Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om);
// key采用String的序列化方式
redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
//hash的key也采用String的序列化方式
redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
// value序列化方式采用jackson
redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
// hash的value序列化方式采用jackson
redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
return redisTemplate;
}
@Bean
public StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate = new StringRedisTemplate();
stringRedisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(factory);
return stringRedisTemplate;
}
}